Fishing in Zambia

Although Zambia isn’t yet on the global sport fishing map, this landlocked country in southern Africa offers some truly exceptional freshwater fishing. Dominated by the mighty African tiger fish, Zambia’s rivers and lakes provide thrilling opportunities for anglers seeking adventure in wild, unspoiled waters. Larger than Texas, Zambia is a diverse and largely dry country, with rivers flowing into the Congo Basin in the north and the Zambezi River forming its southern border. The Kariba Dam, located in the southeast along the border with Zimbabwe, is a major sport fishing hotspot. Meanwhile, the Barotse Floodplain in the west boasts an incredible variety of fish species, though most are small, and the infrastructure is limited. The eastern mountains are home to numerous rivers teeming with fish, but again, few of these species offer significant sport fishing potential. Most sport fishing activity is concentrated along the southern border, where accessibility, infrastructure, and safety are better. Here, anglers can find some of Africa’s most exciting freshwater species, along with guides and operators who can help maximize the experience. Click here for more information on Fishing in Zambia.

Zambia offers river, lake, and dam fishing, with the best opportunities found in the Zambezi River and Kariba Dam. The Zambezi River, which stretches along most of the country’s southern border, is particularly well suited for boat fishing, as it allows anglers to reach the best spots while avoiding potential dangers like crocodiles and hippos. Shore fishing is possible in many areas, but due to Zambia’s remote nature, access to fishing lodges, guides, and boats is still developing. That said, a handful of sport fishing outfits operate on Kariba Dam, offering expert guidance, boat rentals, and the necessary local knowledge to ensure a productive and enjoyable fishing trip.

The African tiger fish is the premier sport fishing target in Zambia, growing to an impressive 10–12 kg (22–26 lbs.). Renowned for its ferocity, speed, and acrobatics, the tiger fish is a dream catch for any angler who enjoys a challenge. For those seeking truly massive fish, Zambia is home to the vundu, a giant catfish and southern Africa’s largest freshwater fish, reaching up to 55 kg (121 lbs.). The more common barbel, a slightly smaller catfish, also provides a solid fight and is widely distributed throughout the country’s waterways. Zambia’s diverse cichlid species make for fantastic light-tackle fishing. The nembwe, the largest and most powerful of these cichlids, is a particularly exciting target. The African pike, which resembles its northern counterpart, may be small, but it provides fast-paced action on light gear.

The best fishing techniques depend on the species targeted, as well as the angler’s preferred style. Tiger fishers typically use medium spinning rods with fixed spool reels and braided line, as tiger fish have extremely bony mouths that require a powerful hookset. Braid, combined with a strong rod, allows for the force needed to drive the hook home. Both live and dead bait are effective, while artificial lures in a variety of colors and styles also produce results. Fly fishing for tiger fish is growing in popularity. Though difficult due to the need for a strong hookset, it offers an explosive and unforgettable fight. For vundu and other large catfish, anglers rely on heavy rods, strong braid, and quality reels, fishing with live or dead bait in deep river holes where these giants lurk. For anglers who enjoy light tackle, Zambia offers plenty of excitement. Spinning for cichlids, tiger fish, and African pike is an excellent introduction to the region’s fishing, with American-style bass tackle proving highly effective for nembwe and other cichlids. Solid metal lures also work well for tiger fish, making for a fast-paced and visually exciting fishing experience.